Current Issue : October-December Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 13 Articles
Classical methods of plant taxonomy like analysis of organoleptic, macroscopic and microscopic features of leaves of Vernonia arborea were carried out for pharmacognostic standardization of the plant material. The ethanol leaf extract of the plant was subjected to High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The pharmacognostic results revealed the presence of adaxial and abaxial epidermis, glandular and non-glandular vermiform trichomes and anomocytic stomata. HPTLC results showed that the ethanol extract of Vernonia arborea gave 6 peaks at 254 nms and 8 peaks at 366 nms. The results of the present study can be attributed for the identification of the plant and distinguishing it from adulterants....
Inflammation is a response of a tissue to injury, whether caused by mechanically chemically, physically, by internal processes and by microorganisms or any other phenomenon. Inflammatory diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Treatment for any inflammatory disease can vary from physical therapy to medications to surgery. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, anti-histamines are the commonly used medication for the treatment of inflammation. Alternative to these medicines, traditional systems of medicine offer another effective and worldwide accepted treatment of inflammation. Medicinal plants, their extracts and isolated constituents have been screened for anti-inflammatory activity. Research findings proved the potential of medicinal plant against inflammation as evident by mechanism they possess. Present paper aim to summarize the potential of medicinal plants, responsible phytoconstituent mechanism through which they act against inflammation....
In ethno medicinal practices, the traditional healers use the genus Curcuma for the treatment of various ailments but Curcuma caesia Roxb. is a very less known and almost untouched drug. The present work attempts to establish the necessary ethnomedicinal utilities. Curcuma caesia Roxb is a perennial, erect rhizomatous herb with large leaves. Fresh rhizomes are aromatic with intense camphoraceous odour, cultivated for its rhizomes, which are used in traditional medicine. The plant is reported to contain camphor, ar-turmerone , (Z)- ocimene, ar-curcumene , 1, 8-cineole, elemene, borneol, bornyl acetate and curcumene as the major constituents. The plant has been reported to have antifungal activity, anti-asthmatic, smooth muscle relaxant, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, analgesic, locomotor depressant, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects, anti-inflammatory properties. It is now considered as a valuable source of unique natural products for development of medicines against various diseases. This review gives a view mainly on the meditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological actions of the plant....
The presence of pesticide residues in vegetables is growing concern for the producers, consumers. These pesticide residues can persist to the harvest stage, making possible the contamination of vegetables which may be harmful to human health due to consumption of contaminated vegetables. A rapid, sensitive, simple and reliable HPLC method was developed to determine Imidacloprid residue in extract of vegetable. All analyses were performed binary gradient HPLC with UV detection at 270 nm using a mobile phase of acetonitrile: water (20:80, v/v). Recoveries were found to be in the 98-103% range. The method consisted of extracting sample with methanol and development of method for determination of Imidacloprid by HPLC. Imidacloprid concentration in vegetables extract was detected by HPLC which was found to be 9.83μg/ml and 10.04μg/ml. Imidacloprid concentration in vegetables extract was detected by HPLC which was found in small concentration which is not expected to cause health effects on humans when merit is applied as instructed on the label of pesticide....
Eclipta alba (L.) is small branched annual herbaceous plant with a long history of traditional medicines uses. The present article reviews the Phytochemical constituents of Eclipta alba plant parts and also its pharmacological actions The herb has been known for its curative properties and has been utilized as anti mytotoxic, analgesic, antibacterial, antihepatotoxic, antihaemmorhagic, anti hyperglycemic antioxidant, immunomodulatory properties and it is considered as a good rejunivator too. Recent studies showed an antivenom property & corrosion pickling inhibitor action on mild steelin hydrochloric acid. A wide range of chemical compounds including coumestans, alkaloids, thiopenes,flavonoids, polyacetylenes, triterpenes and their glycosides have been isolated from this species. Extracts and metabolites from this plant have been known to possess pharmacological properties....
Crocus sativus linn, the highly desirable golden spice, commonly known as saffron, is a perennial stemless herb with dried elongated stigmas and styles of the blue-purple saffron flower, a member of the Iridaceae (iris) family with origins in the Middle East. It also possesses a wide range of ethnomedicinal uses including treatment for antispasmodic, eupeptic, gingival sedative, nerve sedative, anticatarrhal, carminative, diaphoteric, expectorant, stimulant, stomachic, aphrodisiac and emmenagogue. The plant parts are rich in various bioactive compounds such as Crocins, safranal, picrocrocin, ketoisophorone, isophorone, glycosidic terpenoids and crocetin. Even though toxicity and safety evaluation studies have been pursued, still a major gap exists in providing scientific base for commercial utilization and clearance of the saffron products with regard to consumer''s safety. The present review aims at summarizing the research works undertaken till date, on this plant in order to provide sufficient baseline information for future works and for commercial exploitation....
Diabetes is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by insulin deficiency or resistance leading to hyperglycemia. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major micro-vascular complications of the diabetes. Insulin injections, glucose-lowering drugs and lifestyle changes are recommended for treating diabetes. There are numerous metabolic and hemodynamic pathways involved in diabetes and diabetic complications. There are various evidences showing correlation between different pathways. In diabetes, some herbal alternatives are proven to provide symptomatic relief and assist in the prevention of the secondary complications of the disease. The trend of use of herbal drugs for diabetes and its complications is increasing day by day and the herbs are being used to manage Type I and Type II diabetes and their complications. Many of the herbal drugs are under clinical trials also....
The present aim of this study is to conclude Phytochemical Investigation and Characterization of ethanolic fraction of ailanthus excelsa belonging to the family Simaroubaceae. This Plant is a boon to us from the nature as it claims its potentiality as a wide range of herb. The tree is native to central, western and southern India, but is now being spread to other semi-arid and subtropical areas.Alcoholic extract of the leaf and stem bark shows anti-implantation and early abortificient activity. The investigation carried out by us was on the Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Physiochemical aspects of the leafpart of the plant. Morphological studies of leaf showed the presence of various diagnostic characters. Ash value, extractive value and moisture content was determined for quality standard of drugs. During the course of the experimental work the leaf part showed the presence of phytoconstituents like alkaloids which was isolated by column chromatography characterization done by IR,NMR and GC-MS....
In the present study the methanol extract of Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort roots were used for the isolation of phytoconstituents by using column chromatography. The identification of the isolated constituents was done by using spectroscopic analysis. The two compounds namely, hexadecanoyl β-d-glucopyranoside and n-heptadecanyl octadec-9-enoate were isolated and identified from the plant....
To study the purgative activity of Thalictrum foliolosum DC root extracts. The crude aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Thalictrum foliolosum roots were investigated for its purgative activity by Capasso et al. method in rat at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, orally that was compared with castor oil as standard drug. The aqueous extract of root produce significant (P<0.05) purgative activity in dose dependent manner when compared with castor oil. The extracts showed purgative activity at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg and were comparable with castor oil. The crude aqueous and alcoholic extracts show significant purgative activity at both doses when compared with standard drug castor oil (1 ml/kg)....
The stem powder of plant Hamiltonia suaveolens is used by herbal medicinal practioners on viral infections. According to their observations it acts as a coolant and has calming and soothing effects, can be used on several skin irritations. The present study includes quantitative analysis of stem powder of Hamiltonia suaveolens for total Phenolic, total flavonoid, total steroids, total carbohydrates, total tannin, total triterpenoid. The HPTLC analysis of pet-ether extract showed the presence of β sitosterol, Stigmasterol....
Allium cepa L. and Allium sativum L. both are used worldwide for the treatment of various acute and chronic disorders. In ancient literature of many parts of the world their used mentioned as flavouring vegetables, traditional and folk medicines. Traditionally A. cepa and A. sativum, prescribed as antimycotic, antibacterial, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, hypocholesterolemic, antiatherosclerotic and antithrombotic drugs, both for prevention and for therapy. Moreover, onion and garlic extracts have been reported to be effective in cardiovascular disease, because of their hypocholesterolemic, hypolipidemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, antithrombotic and anti-hyperhomocysteinemia effects, and to possess many other biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antiasthmatic, immunomodulatory and prebiotic activities. In fact, these common food plants are a rich source of several phytonutrients responsible for many promising health beneficial physiological effects. In recent times, researchers have been focuses to isolate, characterize the biological active constituents and try to correlate the relations between the biologic responses with respective constituents. In present article, research updates of A. cepa and A. sativium are summarized, based on the scientifically validated biological activity and characterized isolated constituents...
Herbal Drugs are traditionally used in various parts of the world to cure different disease. Numerous natural products have been evaluated as therapeutics for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including peptic ulcer. Peptic ulcer is the most common gastrointestinal disorder in clinical practice. It mostly occurs due to imbalance between aggressive factor and the maintenance of mucosal integrity through endogenous defense mechanism. In this work, we shall review the literature on different medicinal plants with anti-ulcer activity. This article reviews the anti-ulcer properties of the most commonly employed herbal medicines and their identified active constituents....
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